Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaws in drug addicts

Abstract

Background: Toxic osteomyelitis of the jaws is a serious condition in intravenous drug users, often leading to severe bone damage and requiring complex surgical interventions.

Aim: This case report highlights the surgical treatment and post-operative challenges in patients with toxic osteomyelitis who have a history of intravenous drug use.

Methods: Three cases of intravenous drug users with toxic osteomyelitis were reviewed. These patients underwent either hemimandibulectomy or total jaw resection, followed by reconstruction using titanium plates. Intraoperative photos and radiographs documented their surgical progress and recovery.

Results: Recovery was hindered by delayed healing and increased risk of infection, largely due to ongoing drug use. These cases emphasize the importance of early dental intervention to prevent such severe complications.

Conclusions: Early involvement of dental professionals is key in preventing toxic osteomyelitis and reducing the need for extensive surgery, ultimately improving patient outcomes.