Challenges and prospects of ischemic stroke management in Georgia in accordance with international guidelines

Abstract

Timely and effective management of cerebrovascular pathologies is one of the challenges of modern medicine. Whereas disability and mortality rates are high. According to the World Health Organization data, cerebrovascular pathologies are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability. Stroke is one of the leading causes of dementia and depression development. It also should be noted that the stroke occurs 15 years of age earlier in the countries with low-income and middle-income compared to those with high-income [1].Disability caused by these diseases is severe, which in turn is not only a medical but also a social and economic problem [8].Atherosclerosis is a chronic process that begins at an early age and progresses with aging (or, on the contrary, progress of the process is slowed down), under the influence of various exophytic or endophytic factors. The processes described at an early age are asymptomatic, and the complications occur in the form of a heart attack or stroke at the age of 45-50 years [17]Risk factors for developing ischemic stroke include age, excessive consumption of tobacco, alcohol, high-fat foods, passive lifestyle, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, or heredity [26]. There is no significant difference between the causes of ischemic stroke formation and transient ischemic attack formation. Anything that leads to ischemic stroke, with relatively less severity and short-term action, causes a transient ischemic attack, and on the contrary, which causes transient ischemia, in case of more severe and prolonged action leads to the formation of ischemic stroke